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(No Model.) 2 sheets sheet 1.

S. D. FIELD. IISGAPEMENT AND UNISON MECHANISM FOR PRINTING TELEGRAPHS.No. 291.705. Patented Jan. 8, 1884.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR 9 A9 A fflfiezafl I ATTORNEY.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

V s. D. FIELD.

ESGAPEMBNT AND UNISON MECHANISM FOR PRINTING TELEGRAPHS. No. 291,705. 7Patented Jan. 8, 1884.

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iINrrsn STATES STEPHEN D. FIELD, OF NENV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THECOMMERCIAL TELEGRAM COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ESCAPEMENT AND UNISON MECHANISM FOR PRlNl'lNG-TELEGRAPHS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 291,705, dated January8, 1884.

Application filed October 8, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, STEPHEN D. FIELD, of New York, in the county of NewYork and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Printing-Telegraphs, and I do hereby declare that the following is afull and exact description of the same, ref erence being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

As is well known, in the use of step-bystep printing-telegraphs,especially for the reporting of gold and stock quotations and commercialnews generally, ordinarily called tickers, as great degree of speed ofoperation as can be attained is desirable. One important factor in theattainment of the highest practicable speed is the rapidity of operationof the ecapement controlling the movement of the type-wheel. Ordinarilya make and break of the circuit of what are termed the type-wheel oreseapement magnets has been used, in which instance a certain amount oftime is lost in the magnetization and demagnetization of the magnets,which two operations must occur with every make and break to render suchmakes and breaks effective. In other instances it has been proposed touse a polarized relay, such relay being composed of a permanent magnetand a vibrating tongue playing between its poles, the polarity of one orthe other only being affected by a coil through which reversed currentsmay pass. Ihave found that, if a coil, its armature, and a permanentmagnet be ar ranged in such relation to each other that the polarity ofboth the permanent magnet and the armature be simultaneously effected,the operation of the two latter, one upon the other, will be much morerapid than in the arrangement notedthat is, the rate of vibration of themovable one to the stationary one will be largely increased, andconsequently, if such an arrangement or combination be used inconnection with the escapement of a printingtelegraph, the operation ofthe escapement, and consequently the positioning of the typewheel, willbe much speeded and facilitated.

One object of my invention is to effect such increased speed of theprinting-instrument, to

which end I use the arrangements and combinations hereinbefore generallystated, and the object of the invention is to furnish a reliable andspeedily-operated unison mechan ism, which,when thrown into operation,shall cause all the type-wheels of all the instruments in circuit to beinstantaneously and automatically set at the unison or otherpredetermined point, typically illustrated in the drawings, in which-Figure 1 is a perspective view of the es capement mechanism of aprinting-telegraph, and 2 is a view, partly in section, thereof, whileFig. 8 is a view, partly in section, and Fig. at a plan or top view, ofthe modification embodying the unison referred to. It is to be noted,however, that the framing, printing, unison, inking, and othermechanisms necessary to a complete printing-telegraph form no part ofthe invention in this case, and hence, for clearness of illustration ofthe actual in vention, are omitted from the drawings. It is to beunderstood, also, that the escapeinent illustrated may be used with anyform of one or two wheel or one or two line printer, or with any form oftype-wheel, inking, printing, or unison mechanism or framing.

In the drawings, referring now to Figs. 1 and 2, A is apermanent magnet,so constructed as to embrace on opposite sides the electromagnetic coilB, whose terminals 1 2 are connected to what is known as the type-wheel,or escapement circuit. For clearness, this magnet is shown as bowingaway from the elec tro-magnetic coil B but I prefer to form it so as toembrace said coil B as closely as possible, as shown in dotted lines inFig. 2. The ends of this magnet are preferably screw-threaded, orprovided with screw-threaded projections or nuts (1,111 which take thesetscrews a, (both a and a being of magnetic material,) so that thepoles NS of A are extended to a, and are adjustable relatively to eachother. Upon the through the center of B and between the polar extensionsa of A. The core 0 carries at its free end the anchor D, which takesinto and controls the movement of the escapement E on shaft 6, whichshaft may have a tendency to rotate imparted to it by a prime motor; orthe anchor D and escapement E may be so fashioned that D shall impartmotion to E, instead of merely controlling it, both methods being nowwell known and understood in the art. Upon the shaft 6 is the type-wheelF, of which there may be any number, whose motion or positioning isconsequently con trolled or regulated by the movement of O, D, and E.From. this it will be seen that the coil 13 is so arranged relatively toboth A and O as to affect the polarity of both, and that as C is pivotedat its lower end-the point most distant possible in the lever from where(a a) theiorce is applied to itthe minimum of force at a a will give itthe greatest possible vibration. The coil is so wound that if a positivecurrent enters by 1, as in Fig. 2, the poles of A being normally asshown, 0 shall be made a magnet with the poles n s as shown. The coil 0,however, affects the strength of A as well, strengthening the pole N andweakening the pole S, 0 therefore moving quickly and under the influenceof comparatively weak currents toward the extension to of N. If, now thecurrent be reversed, the upper end of C will become a, while S of A isstrengthened and N weakened, 0 moving quickly un' der these influencestoward a of S. By this construction I am enabled to construct anescapement quick and reliable in action and capable of great rapidity ofvibration, so as to give a maximum of speed in positioning a type-wheelor type-wheels for printing.

I11 Figs. 3 and 4 the same general principles are involved, the core 0being modified in construction, so as to form the basis or principalpart of the unison referred to. In this case the core 0 is made in twoportions, 0 0, preferably semicircular, with their flat surfaces towardeach other, and each independently pivoted on m. Each carries a half,(I, of the anchor D, and'they are normally held together at their freeends by a spring, The coil 13, however, makes both parts, 0 c, magnetswith similar polarity at the same end; hence they tend to repel. Thespring is consequently made of such resilient force that, with thecurrent normally used to operate the type-wheel escapement, it shallovercome this tendency to repel and hold together the two parts 0 c,which, thus held together, are in proper position for keeping the halves(l d of the anchor D in such relation as to control and regulate theescapement E, its prime motor, and the type wheel or wheels. If,however, a current of abnormal strength be sent through B, the magneticintensity of c c is so increased that the repulsive power of the similarpoles is greater than the resilience of i, and this is taken advantageof to form the instantaneous unison spoken of. Upon one of the parts ofthe anchor is placed a stop, (I, and upon the shaft 0 of the esca'pementand type wheel is placed an arm, G, rotating therewith, and ending in aprojection or lug, g. G, g, and d are so arranged relatively to eachother that, while a c are held together, (1 lies within the path of 9;but when 0 c are forced apart by the repulsion of similar polarities attheir free ends, (I will lie in the path of 9. From this it is evidentthat whenever c c are thus forced apart the anchor D will be releasedfrom escape-wheel E, and the sh aft 6 and typewheel immediately rotateunder stress of the prime motor referred to until g and (Z come incontact, so that when it is desired to be certain that all instrumentsin circuit are at unison it is simply necessary to send over the line anincreased or abnormal current. Thus, in the interval ordinarily requiredfor the transmission of a single impulse, it is possible to control theunison without, as is usually the case in other unisons, waiting for thetime necessary to revolve the typewheel several or more times.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent,

1. In a printing-telegraph, the combination of a permanent magnet, anelectro-magnet, a core for the latter pivoted upon or at the neutralpoint of the permanent magnet, and with its free end playing between thepoles of the permanent magnet, and an anchor escape ment and type-wheel,substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a coil, a permanent magnet embracing the coil, anda core, movable therein, and pivoted at or near the neutral point of thepermanent magnet, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a coil, a permanent magnet embracing the coil, acore for the coil,

movable therein, and pivoted at or near the neutral point of thepermanent magnet, and playing at its free end between the poles of thepermanent magnet, and adjustable stops on the poles of the permanentmagnet, for regulating the motion orvibration of the core, substantiallyas set forth.

4:. The combination of a coil, a permanent magnet embracing the coil, acore for the coil, movable therein, and pivoted at one end at or nearthe neutral point of the permanent magnet, and playing at the free endbetween the poles of the permanent magnet, adjustable stops on the polesof the permanent magnet, for regulating the motion or vibration of thecore, and an escapement, anchor, and typewheel, substantially as setforth.

5. The combination, with a single coil and a permanent magnet, of adivided core forthe coil, each division carrying one part of an anchor,and normally held together bya spring,

substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of a divided anchor, a stop carried thereby, and anarm on the type-whee1 shaft, so arranged that the arm shall contact withthe stop when the divided anchor is forced apart, substantially as setforth.

5 7. A combined escapement and unison device, consisting of a dividedarmature and anchor normally held together, and a stop on Witnesses: thetype-Wheel shaft, arranged to contact when I LUTHER E. Slum, the dividedanchor is forced apart vand stop J. B. SCOTT.

the type-wl1ee1 shaft at a predetermined point, 10 substantially as setforth.

This specification signed and witnessed this 2d day of October, 1883.

STEPHEN D. FIELD.

